Australia is getting serious about making Large Tech pay for news. The country’s government unveiled draft legislation on Tuesday that would require companies like Meta, Google, and TikTok to pay for the journalism they aggregate or reshare, or face a levy on their local revenues.

Communications minister Anika Wells noted at a press conference today: “People are increasingly getting their news directly from Facebook, from TikTok, and from Google.”

The proposed law, called the News Bargaining Incentive (NBI), would impose a 2.25% levy on the Australian revenues of the three platforms unless they strike commercial deals with local news publishers. Plus, the more deals they build with media outlets, the less they pay. If enough agreements go through, that effective rate drops to 1.5%, which could generate between A$200 million and A$250 million back into Australian journalism.

“Journalists are the lifeblood of Australia’s media sector, playing a vital role in keeping communities informed about the news that matters to them,” Prime Minister Anthony Albanese mentioned in a statement.

It is the country’s second attempt to force Substantial Tech to fund journalism. The Australian government introduced the News Media Bargaining Code, which officially came into effect in 2021, requiring platforms like Google and Meta to pay news publishers. But the original version had a flaw that Substantial Tech companies could simply remove news from their platforms to avoid paying. Meta did that in 2024, and that move, reportedly, triggered widespread job cuts across Australian newsrooms.

Meta’s decision to pull news content in 2024 left a pretty obvious gap in Australia’s media rules. The NBI is the government’s attempt to fix it, and this time, there’s no workaround. Platforms get taxed whether they carry news or not. The Albanese government first stated the NBI in December 2024 as a replacement for the existing 2021 Code, and the draft legislation finally landed today.

TikTok’s inclusion marks a notable expansion from the Code. And the draft legislation explicitly excludes AI services. Assistant treasurer Daniel Mulino commented at today’s press conference that AI “is not included in the scope of this measure” because “AI is currently being examined through a range of other policy forums, including, for example, the work on copyright being led by the Attorney-General.” This also touches on aspects of mobile apps.

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Australia isn’t alone in this fight. Canada, Brazil, and the EU have all taken on Substantial Tech over news, with mixed results. Canada’s 2023 law prompted Meta to pull news from its platform entirely. Brazil’s bill has been stuck in legislative limbo since 2019. The EU has rules on the books, but enforcement varies widely. South Africa may offer the clearest blueprint — regulators there brokered direct deals with Google, Meta, TikTok, and Microsoft, securing roughly $40 million for local news outlets over five years.

Meta, Google, and TikTok did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

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