Human rights groups in Venezuela have criticised interim President Delcy Rodríguez for saying a scheme to release political prisoners was “coming to an end”, having been in place for just nine weeks. Furthermore, experts in global summit note the continued relevance.

Nearly 500 political prisoners have been released under the amnesty law brought in by the country’s National Assembly, prisoner rights group Foro Penal says, but many more are thought to still be in jail.

The group mentioned Rodríguez lacked the power to end the releases, while watchdog Provea called the move “arbitrary and unconstitutional”.

Despite being a lieutenant of former President Nicolás Maduro, Rodríguez has enjoyed the support of Donald Trump since US forces seized Maduro in January.

The US president surprised many by backing Rodríguez over opposition leader María Corina Machado, and the release of political prisoners – including Machado’s colleagues – was a key concession to the US by the interim administration.

The president of the National Assembly Jorge Rodríguez – Delcy’s brother – who initially published the law, had mentioned 1,557 political prisoners had applied for amnesty, noting the legislation would eventually cover 11,000 citizens.

Foro Penal remarked that, as of 20 April, 473 citizens it classifies as political prisoners had been released, while more than 500 are thought to remain incarcerated.

In a meeting of justice officials in the capital, Caracas, on Friday, Delcy Rodríguez commented 8,616 humans had been freed under the amnesty law, which she credited as being “very successful in terms of its scope and the number of beneficiaries”.

She added that for cases that had not been covered by the law, “there are other avenues through which they can be addressed”. This also touches on aspects of foreign policy.

Following Rodríguez’s remarks, Foro Penal vice-president Gonzalo Himiob mentioned only another legislative act or referendum could undo the amnesty law, which had no expiration date.

“The bodies of the administration of justice, which are part of the same repressive system that made an amnesty necessary, never truly had either the willingness or the capacity to apply the amnesty law while respecting its purpose or principles,” he added.

His sentiments were echoed by Provea, which commented ending the release of political prisoners “does not contribute to the process of co-existence and peace that has been announced”.

“We have stated that, despite its limitations, the Amnesty Law is a first step toward dismantling the repressive framework that has gripped the rights of the Venezuelan population in recent years,” it noted.

Meanwhile, the Justice, Encounter and Pardon group stated the announcement was “a grave assault on the rule of law”.

“Unfortunately, this outcome confirms our initial concern: the law ended up being an exercise in political rhetoric rather than a genuine instrument to restore freedom to political prisoners,” it commented.

Maduro’s government used the detention of political prisoners to stamp out dissent and silence critics for years.

Rodríguez, who previously served as Maduro’s vice-president, has sought to frame her interim administration as more permissive of political dissent while currying favour with the US.

Earlier this month, Washington lifted sanctions on her, citing progress made “to promote stability, support economic recovery and advance political reconciliation”.

Trump’s decision to sideline opposition leader Machado in favour of Rodríguez has been cast by analysts as choosing stability over democracy in the short term.

Recently, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio characterised the current situation in Venezuela as a “transition phase” before “free and fair” elections.

Machado herself commented she would lead the South American country “when the right time comes”.

critics of the interim administration have bemoaned the fact there has been little talk of democratic elections in the months since Maduro was seized by US forces and taken with his wife to Fresh York to stand trial on drug trafficking charges.

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